Definition and Manufacturing Standards
Pipelines are typically specified by a schedule of nominal diameter and defined thickness with a constant outer diameter (OD), manufactured in accordance with international and national industrial standards; Pipes are usually specified by outer diameter and wall thickness, or any two of outer diameter, inner diameter, and wall thickness can be specified. They are often manufactured based on customized dimensions and a wider range of diameters and tolerances. Pipes are also used for non cylindrical parts, such as square or rectangular pipes.
Application and construction methods
Pipe components are commonly constructed with fittings such as elbows and tees, which can be formed or bent into customized configurations; Pipe components can also be constructed using pipe joints when they are inflexible, unable to form, or structurally controlled by specifications. Pipelines commonly used for long-distance transportation of gases or liquids, handrails, scaffolding, and support structures are typically composed of structural pipes.
Dimensional measurement
Pipes are measured in terms of iron pipe size (IPS), while copper pipes, CPVC, PeX, and other pipe materials are nominal measurements, which are generally the average diameter; 1/2PeX pipe and 1/2 copper pipe have the same size, while 1/2PVC pipe and 1/2 pipe have different sizes. The connection requires a threaded male or female adapter.
The purpose of the pipeline
Fluid transportation: Transporting gas, liquid fluids in process factories, food or processing plants, transporting bulk solids from one point to another, such as long-distance transportation of oil and gas, agricultural irrigation, etc.
Storage container construction: Used for the construction of high-pressure storage containers, but large pressure vessels are constructed with plates instead of pipes.
